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Thursday, April 12, 2007

Ismail Zühdi Efendi II. (d.1805)

By Ismail Zühdi Efendi (The Second). Signed, undated inscription on paper.Transcription: Ali al Murtaza (name of ´Prophets´son-in-law and the names of Prophets´grandsons Hassan and Huesseyin. (Peace and blessing upon them). From a Private Collection of a Gentlemen, Istanbul

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Ismail Zühdi Efendi II. (d.1805)

By Ismail Zühdi Efendi II, signed, inscription on paper, text of celi sülüs script, Collection of Türk Petrol Vakfi.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Sultan Abdülmecid Efendi II. (b. 29. May 1868 in İstanbul; d. 23. August 1944 in Paris)

Work by Abdülmecid Efendi text of celi sülüs script in Fatih Cami (Mosque) Istanbul.

Biography: Abdülmecid II; in Arabic عبد المجيد الثانى ) (lived May 29, 1868 – August 23, 1944; reigned November 19, 1922 – March 3, 1924) was the last Caliph of the Ottoman Dynasty, the 101st Caliph in line from Caliph Abu Bakr and nominally the 37th Head of the Ottoman Imperial House.

On May 29, 1868 he was born at Dolmabahçe Palace of Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) to then Sultan Abdülaziz. He was educated privately. On July 4, 1918 his first cousin Mehmed VI became Sultan and Abdul Mejid was named Crown Prince. Following the deposition of his cousin on November 1, 1922 the Sultanate was abolished. But on November 19, 1922 the Crown Prince was elected Caliph by the Turkish National Assembly at Ankara. He established himself in Istanbul, on November 24, 1922. On March 3, 1924 he was deposed and expelled from the shores of Turkey with the rest of his family. He was given the title of General of Ottoman Army and served as Chairman of the Ottoman Artist's Society. A painter and a calligrapher himself, his paintings of the Harem, showing a modern musical gathering, and of a woman reading Goethe's Faust were displayed at an exhibition of Ottoman paintings in Vienna in 1918. His personal self-portrait can be seen at Istanbul Modern. On August 23, 1944 Abdulmecid Efendi II died at his house in the Boulevard Suchet, Paris XVIe, France. He was buried at Haram-i-Sharif, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Konya Museum of Historical Works, Turkey

Mevlana Dergahi (Dervish Lodge) which is presently used as a museum formerly the Rose Garden of the Seljuks Palace it was given as a gift to Mevlana's father Sultanü'l-Ulema Bahaaeddin Veled by Sultan Alaeddin Keykubad

When Sultanü'l-Ulema died on 12 January 1231, he was buried in the present grave which is in the mausoleum. This was the first burial ever to take place in the Rose Garden.

After the death of Sultanü'l-Ulema, his friends and disciples approached Mevlana and expressed their wish to build a maussoleum over his grave. Mevlana refused this request remarking "How could there be a better mausoleum than the sky itself?).However when he died on 17 December 1273, his son Sultan Veled accepted the request of those who wanted to build a maussoleum over Mevlana's grave.The mausoleum called "Kubbe-i Hadra" (Green mausoleum) was built by the architect Bedrettin from Tebriz for 130.000 Seljuk dirhem (currency) on four elephant feet (thick columns). After this date, the construction activities never ceased and continued in stages up to the end of the 19th century.

Mevlevi Derhgahi (Dervish Lodge) and the mausoleum started to function as a museum in 1926 under the name of Konya Museum of Historical Works. In 1954 the display pattern of the museum was once more taken up and it was renamed as the Mevlevi Museum.

While the Museum originally covered an area of 6.500m² together with its garden, with the section expropriated later and designed as a rose garden, it has today reached a size of 18.000m²

The courtyard of the museum is entered from "Dervisan Kapisi" (The gate of the Dervishes). There are dervish cells along the north and west sides of the courtyard. The south side, after Matbah and Hürrem Pasha Mausoleums, terminates with the gate of Hamusan (Sealed Lips) which opens to Üçler cemetrey. On the eastern side of the courtyard there are mausoleums of Sinan Pasha, Fatma Hatun and Hasan Pasha, the Samahane (Ritual Prayer Hall) next to them and the small mosque (mesjidt) section and the main building where the graves of Mevlana and his family members are also housed.

The courtyard is given a special flavor with the roofed washing fountain (sadirvan) built by Sultan Yavuz Sultan Selim in 1512 and the "Seb-i Arus" (means nuptial night or the night Mevlana passed away) pool and the fountain which is located in the northern part of the court and called Selsebil.

"Tilavet" Chamber (Quran Reading And Chanting)

"Tilavet" is an Arabic word which means reading the quran with a beautiful voice and the correct rhythm. The room takes its name from its function in the past. At present it is used as the Calligraphy Department.

The calligraphy section contains the framed works of famous calliagraphs of their time such as Mahmud Celaleddin, Mustafa Rakim, Hulusi, Yesarizade as well as a gilt relief frame done by Sultan Mahmut II. The couplet in Farsi engraved on the silver door with the calligraphy of Yesarizade Mustafa Izzet Efendi says:

Kabetü'l-ussâk bâsed in mekam
Her ki nakis amed incâ sod temam

(Let this be the Kaaba of the minstrels. Who ever enters here in half, finds himself whole)

Huzur-i Pir (Mausoleum)

The hall of the mausoleum is entered from a silver door which was donated in 1599 by Hasan Pasha, who is the son of Sokollu Mehmet Pasha. Here, the oldest copies of the famous works of Mevlana the "Mesnevi" and "Divan-i Kebir" are displayed in two glass fronted cabinets. The mausoleum hall is roofed with three small domes The third dome which is also called the skin dome joins, the green dome in the north.

The hall is bordered with a platform on its east, south and north sides. In the north where there is a two level platform, the sarcophagi of 6 Sacred horasan men are placed. Right at the feet of these, the Target Stone, made for Ilhanli King Ebu said Bahadir Khan.

There are also two framed inscriptions which are important as they reflect the thoughts and philosophy of Mevlana. The first frame is in Turkish and says:
"Either seem as you are

Or be as you seem"

Hz. Mevlâna

Second frame is a quatrain of Mevlana in Persian. In translation it reads:
"Come, Come who or whatever you are
Should you be an unbeliever, a Magian or a pagan still come
Our lodge is not a lodge of despair
With hundred repentions unheeded you may be,still, come"

Hz. Mevlana

On the high platform bordering the mausoleum hall on the east and south there are 55 graves, ten of which belong to ladies and the whole group belongs to the family members of Mevlana, and his father. There are ten other graves which belong to people such as Hüsameddin Çelebi, Selahaddin Zerkubi and Sheyh Kerimüddin who had reached high ranks in the sect of Mevlevi.

Right under the Green Dome there are the graves of Mevlana and his son Sultan Veled. The double hunched marble sarcophagus over the graves was donated in 1565 by Süleyman the Magnificent.The quilt embrodieried with gold thread placed over the sarcophagus is a Seljuk masterpiece and was made for Mevlana in 1274. When Süleyman the Magnificent had a new marble sarcophagus made over the graves of Mevlana and son, the original wood one was removed and put over the grave of Mevlana's father.

Semâ-Hâne (Ritual Hall)

The Semahane section together with the small mosque was built by Süleyman the Magnificent in the XVIth century. Semah ceromonies were continued at this ritual hall until 1926, when the Dergah (Dervish lodge) was converted to a museum. The Naat Pew in the Hall, the place where the musicians set (Mutrib cells) and the sections for men and women are preserved in their original state, while metal and glass objects and musical instruments of the Mevlevi are displayed in glassed cabinets and rugs of historical value are hung on appropriate walls of the Semahane.

Mosque

The small mosque or the mesjidt is entered from the Çerag (apprentice) Gate. There are additional small entrances from the Semahane and the Huzur - Pir, the cemetrey. The place for the müezzin and the Mesnevihan Pew are kept in their original state.
Extremely valuable rug and wooden door samples are displayed on the south wall of the mosque and in 10 glassed cabinets put around this space, significant examples of binding, calligrapy and gilding are exhibited.

Rug And Fabric Section - Dervish Cells

There are 17 small cells, each with a small dome and chimney around the west and north sides of the front court of the Mevlana Lodge. These cells were built in 1584 by Sultan Murat III to house the dervishes.

Four cells to the right of the entrance gate are at present used as a ticket window and administration offices . The first two of the 13 cells to the left of the gate used as "Postnisin" and "Mesnevi-han" cells are kept in their origanal form and presented to the public.
The last two cells at the end are allocated to the very valuable book collections donated by Abdülbaki Gölpinarli and Dr. Mehmed Önder, and they are used as a library.
The partition walls of the remaining 9 cells were removed providing two interconnected large corridors. In one of these corridors old rugs of historical value from regions famous for their rugs such as Kula, Gördes, Usak and Kirsehir are displayed while the other has old rugs from districts of Konya such as Ladik, Karaman, Karapinar and Sille which are centres of rug weaving. Display windows built in the window and door sills of these cells display artefacts of Mevlevi ethnography such as "Pazarci masasi", "Mütteka", "Nefir" which were transferred to the museum from the Lodge, and the extremely valuable Bursa fabrics from the museum collection

Matbah (Kitchen) Section

The kitchen is on the south west corner of the museum. It was built by Sultan Murat II in 1548. Until the lodge was converted to a museum in 1926 the meals were being provided from here.

This section was restored in 1990 and the display was rearranged with mannequins. Cooking, the basic function of the kitchen and the "somat" the special table routine is demonstrated with mannequins. Another such illustration was attempted, to show the other function of the kitchen which is related to the initiations of the novice, called "Nev-ni-yaz", and involves practice of Semah.


https://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D3137EE1F1486EE5030E7697F507FF48CA85

Photograph ©Selcuk Edik, M. Berk Torun, Gökmen Sözen, Voyager, Fatih Basbug,

Saturday, April 07, 2007

Semseddin Ahmet Karahisari (1468-1556)

A calligraphic exercise on paper by Karahisari. (attributed)

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Semseddin Ahmet Karahisari (1468-1556)

A Qur´an folio by Karahisari on paper with text of muhakkak ve reyhani script.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Friday, April 06, 2007

Mimar Sinan University of Fine Arts

Mimar Sinan University of Fine Arts (Turkish: Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi) is a Turkish state university dedicated to the higher education of fine arts. It is located in the Fındıklı neighborhood of İstanbul, Turkey. It was founded on January 1, 1882 as the "School of Fine Arts" ("Mekteb-i Sanayi-i Nefise-i Şâhâne" or simply "Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi") by the renowned Turkish painter Osman Hamdi Bey, who was also an art historian, archeologist and museum curator. The institution, being the first of its kind in Turkey, took up education in fine arts and architecture on March 2, 1883 with 8 instructors and 20 students.

In 1914, the school became co-educational. The school was converted in 1928 to an academy, the first academy in Turkey, and its name was changed to "Academy of Fine Arts" (Güzel Sanatlar Akademisi). In 1969, it was renamed to "Istanbul State Academy of Fine Arts" (İstanbul Devlet Güzel Sanatlar Akademisi). On July 20, 1982, its status was changed, and the academy became a university named "Mimar Sinan University" (Mimar Sinan Üniversitesi) after the great Ottoman architect Sinan. Finally, in December 2003, the administration of the university changed its name to "Mimar Sinan University of Fine Arts".

Academic units

Faculty of natural sciences and literature (archeology, paedagogy, physics, statistics, mathematics, history of art, sociology, history, Turkish philology and literature)

Faculty of fine arts (photography, traditional Turkish handicrafts, graphic design, sculpture, painting, stage design and stage clothes, ceramics art and glass art, cinema and TV, textile design and fashion design, bookbinding, tilework restoration, calligraphy, rug and old textile design)

Faculty of architecture (industrial design, interior decoration, architecture, urban planning and regional planning)

State conservatory (music, musicology, performing arts)

Vocational school (textile design, building restoration)

Institute of natural sciences

Institute of social sciences

School of informatics


Contact: Mimar Sinan Üniversitesi Meclis-i Mebusan Cad. 80040 Fındıklı - İstanbul

Text adapted from Wikipedia. © http://www.msu.edu.tr/

Abdülfettah Efendi (1815-1896)

Epitaph by Abdülfettah Efendi, signed (lower left) and dated (lower right), Tughra of Sultan Abülaziz on the mainentrance of Aksaray Valide Sultan Cami (Mosque) Istanbul.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Hattat Abdülfettah Efendi (1815-1896)

By Abdülfettah Efendi, dated lower mid, signed, celi sülüs müsenna script framed inscription in Ulucami (Great Mosque)Bursa/Turkey.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Yeserizade Mustafa Izzet Efendi (? - 1849)

By Yeserizade Mustafa Efendi, signed and dated lower left, zerendud panel, 28x31 cm. Transcription: Ya Hadrath Sad Ibn Abi Waqqas (Name of a companion of the Prophet Muhammad [pbuh]).

Photograph © www.antikalar.com, Antik A.S., Istanbul

Mehmed Emin Sirri (c.1773)

By Mehmed Emin Sirri, signed and dated 1773. Inscription of Divine Names "Hayyum and Kayyum" Translation: The everliving One and the Self-Existing One.

Photograph ©www.turk.ch

Mehmed Hafiz el Kirmani (c.1775)

By Mehmed Hafiz el Kirmani, dated 1775, on wood panel, inscription of the Prophet Muhammads name "Muhammad" (Peace and blessing upon him). Translation: The most praised one.

Photograph © www.turk.ch

Anonymous

Anonymous, a mevlavi crown inscription on wood panel.

Photograph ©http://www.turk.ch

Sultan Ahmed III (December 30, 1673—July 1, 1736)

Calligraphy by Sultan Ahmed III on wood panel, transcription: 'In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful'.

Ahmed III (Ottoman Turkish: Aḥmed-i sālis) (December 30, 1673—July 1, 1736) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of Sultan Mehmed IV (1648–87). He succeeded to the throne in 1703 on the abdication of his brother Mustafa II (1695–1703). Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha and his daughter, Princess Hatice (Wife of the former) directed the government from 1718 to 1730, a period referred to as the Tulip Era. Sultan Ahmed III was a pupil of Hafiz Osman Efendi (1642-1698).

Photograph © http://turk.ch

Ahmet Demir (b 6 November 1964)

(b Kagithane,Istanbul, 6 November 1964). Turkish calligrapher, active in Turkey. He attended Sarıyer İmam Hatip Lisesi (College), in Istanbul; where he graduated in 1981. Ahmet Demir also attended lectures in calligraphy.He was a pupil of calligrapher Yusuf Sezer. In 1996 he entered Yusuf Sezer´s studio, where he studied with much success and where he graduated 2002. Since 2002 he teaches calligraphy in Istanbul.

Work in celi sülüs script. Transcription: Subhana'Allah.

Photograph © http://www.hattatahmetdemir.com/

THE ART OF CALLIGRAPHY IN ISLAMIC HERITAGE

THE ART OF CALLIGRAPHY IN ISLAMIC HERITAGE
prepared by Uğur Derman,
edited with foreword by Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu,
historical overview with the contributions of Nihat M. Çetin,
translated into Arabic by Salih Sadawi Salih translated into English by Mohamed Zakariya, Mohamed Asfour.


This album gives the history of the Islamic art of calligraphy starting from the development of the Arabic script through the last great artists of the Ottoman school of calligraphy. It is printed on high quality paper and contains 192 colour plates of calligraphy by Muslim artists from the first century Hijra to the present time with annotations about the style of writing and other characteristics of the work and the biography of each calligrapher.

Arabic Edition: FANN AL-KHATT, Istanbul, 1990
236 pages, 192 colour plates, 41x32 cm
Price: US$ 150 including post
ISBN 92-9063-520-7

Turkish Edition: HAT SANATI, Istanbul, 1992
244 pages, 192 colour plates, 41x32 cm
Price: US$ 150, including post
ISBN 92-9063-521-5

English Edition: THE ART OF CALLIGRAPHY IN THE ISLAMIC HERITAGE, Istanbul, 1998
192 colour plates, 41 x32 cm
Price: US$ 195, including post
ISBN 92-9063-074-4

Japanese Edition, Published by Heibonsha Limited

Malay Edition: SENI KHAT, Translated by Romzi Omar and Fauzi Mustafa. Published by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka and IRCICA, Kuala Lumpur, 2000, Malaysia

© http://www3.ircica.org/kategoriler.php?grup=PUBLICATIONS

Mustafa Kütahi Efendi (? -1787)

By Mustafa Kütahi, sülüs script Hilya.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Mustafa Rakim Efendi (1757-1825)

By Mustafa Rakim Efendi, entrance door epitaph of Fatih Naksidil Türbesi (tomb) Istanbul, celi sülüs script.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Mustafa Rakim Efendi (1757-1825)

By Mustafa Rakim Efendi, Fatih Naksidil Türbesi (tomb) Istanbul, sülüs script panel.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp

Mustafa Rakim Efendi (1757-1825)

By Mustafa Rakim Efendi, lower part dome of Fatih Naksidil Türbesi (tomb) Istanbul, celi sülüs script.

Photograph ©HAT SAN'ATI Tarihçe, Malzeme ve Örnekler, Istanbul. http://ismek.ibb.gov.tr/portal/yayinlarimiz.asp